[ELF] Speed up ICF by hashing relocations and propagating over an edge list (#233697)

ICF's initial hash covers section contents and, since
https://reviews.llvm.org/D56986, two rounds of relocation target hashes,
but not what constantEq compares: offsets, types, addends, merge-section
offsets, and names of undefined or preemptible targets. Sections that
differ only in relocations, e.g. the string or external function they
reference, share a hash at every depth, which is why D56986 found no
gain from more rounds. segregate() separates them with a quadratic
number of equalsConstant calls, which dominates a Chromium --icf=all
link.

Hash what constantEq compares, and propagate hashes over relocations to
other candidates for 7 rounds. Each round saves up to one segregate()
pass. Also parallelize the symbol fold loop.

--threads=8, --icf=all, output byte-identical at --threads=1 and 8:

```
                    link             ICF             segregate passes
Chromium (CREL)     3.46 -> 2.08 s   1614 -> 233 ms  9 -> 2
TensorFlow (RELA)   2.07 -> 1.89 s    290 -> 120 ms  4 -> 2
Firefox (RELA)       560 ->  490 ms   117 ->  47 ms  6 -> 2
clang (RELA)         240 ->  230 ms    37 ->  22 ms  5 -> 2
```

LLM-aided
1 file changed
tree: ad32234bc915d4e954bfa2ab971fe0c874a01653
  1. .ci/
  2. .github/
  3. bolt/
  4. clang/
  5. clang-tools-extra/
  6. cmake/
  7. compiler-rt/
  8. cross-project-tests/
  9. flang/
  10. flang-rt/
  11. libc/
  12. libclc/
  13. libcxx/
  14. libcxxabi/
  15. libsycl/
  16. libunwind/
  17. lld/
  18. lldb/
  19. llvm/
  20. llvm-libgcc/
  21. mlir/
  22. offload/
  23. openmp/
  24. orc-rt/
  25. polly/
  26. runtimes/
  27. third-party/
  28. utils/
  29. .clang-format
  30. .clang-format-ignore
  31. .clang-tidy
  32. .git-blame-ignore-revs
  33. .gitattributes
  34. .gitignore
  35. .mailmap
  36. CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
  37. CONTRIBUTING.md
  38. LICENSE.TXT
  39. pyproject.toml
  40. README.md
  41. SECURITY.md
README.md

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